Python Operators

Python Operator

Operators are special symbols that is used to perform some arithmetic or logical computation.

Operators are used with operand like 1+2 here 1 and 2 is operand and + is an operator.

There are following types of operator in Python:

1. Arithmetic operators
2. Comparison operators
3. Logical operators
4. Bitwise operators
5. Assignment operators
6. Special or identity operators
7. Membership operators

1. Arithmetic operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc.

Operator	Name & Meaning
+	Addition Perform addition or unary plus.
-	Subtraction Perform subtraction or unary minus.
*	Multiplication Perform multiplication.
/	Division Perform division.
%	Modulus Perform modulus to get reminder.
//	Floor Division Perform division and get result in whole number.
**	Exponentiation Left raised power of Right.

Examples :

Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 22:45:29) [MSC v.1916 32 bit]
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> x=10
>>> y=5
>>> print(x+y)
15
>>> print(x-y)
5
>>> print(x*y)
50
>>> print(x/y)
2.0
>>> print(x//y)
2
>>> print(x**y)
100000
>>>

2. Comparison operators

Comparison operators are used to compare the values and it always return either true or false.

Operator	Name & Meaning
<	Less Than Return true if left oprand less than right.
>	Greater Than Return true if left oprand greater than right.
==	Equal Return true if both operands are equal.
!=	Not Equal To Return true if both operands are not equal.
<=	Less Than or Equal To Return true if left operand less than or equal to the right operand.
>=	Greater Than or Equal To Return true if left operand greater than or equal to the right operand.

Examples :

Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 22:45:29) [MSC v.1916 32 bit]
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> x=1
>>> y=2
>>> print(x< y)
True
>>> print(x>y)
False
>>> print(x>=y)
False
>>> print(x<=y)
True
>>> print(x==y)
False
>>> print(x!=y)
True
>>>

3. Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements.

Operator	Name & Meaning
and	Logical And Return true if both statements are true.
or	Logical Or Return true one of the statements are true.
not	Logical Not Reverse the result that means return false if the statements results are the true.

Examples :

Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 22:45:29) [MSC v.1916 32 bit]
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> x=5
>>> y=10
>>> print(x > 4 and y < 5)
False
>>> print(x > 4 or y < 5)
True
>>> print(not(x > 4 or y < 5))
False
>>>

4. Bitwise Operators

Bitwise Operators are used to compare the bits (binary) numbers.

Operator	Name & Meaning
&	AND Return 1 if both bits are 1.
|	OR Return 1 if one of the two bits is 1.
^	XOR Return 1 if only one of two bits is 1.
~	Not Return inverts all the bits.
<<	Left Shift Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off.
>>	Right Shift Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off.

Examples :

Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 22:45:29) [MSC v.1916 32 bit]
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> x=10
>>> y=5
>>> print(x&y)
0
>>> print(x|y)
15
>>> print(x^y)
15
>>> print(x~y)
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> print(~x)
-11
>>> print(~y)
-6
>>> print(x >> 3)
1
>>> print(x << 3)
80
>>> 

5. Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign the values to variables.

Operator	Example Like As
=	x=10 x=10
+=	x+=10 x=x+10
-=	x-=10 x=x-10
*=	x*=10 x=x*10
/=	x/=10 x=x/10
%=	x%=10 x=x%10
//=	x//=10 x=x//10
**=	x**=10 x=x**10
&=	x&=10 x=x&10
|=	x|=10 x=x|10
^=	x^10 x=x^10
<<=	x <<= 10 x=x <<=10
>>=	x>>10 x=x>>10

6. Special or Identity Operators

Python provides special or identity operators or membership operator to check if two values (variables) are located on the same part of memory or not.

Operator	Name & Meaning
is	Return the true if both are refer the same object.
is not	Return the true both are not refer the same object.

Examples :

Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 22:45:29) [MSC v.1916 32 bit]
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> x=1
>>> y=2
>>> print(x is y)
False
>>> print(x is not y)
True
>>>

7. Membership Operators

Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object.

Operator	Name & Meaning
in	Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object.
not in	Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object.

Examples :

Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 22:45:29) [MSC v.1916 32 bit]
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> x=["dog","cat"]
>>> print("dog" in x)
True
>>> print("deep" not in x)
True
>>>